What are Magnetometers?

Earth has its magnetic field and as a result, when a satellite elliptically orbits the earth it experiences different magnetic forces at different points in its orbit. Therefore, it becomes crucial to measure the differences in the strength of the magnetic field for attitude stabilization and propulsion of spacecraft. This is done with the help of a magnetometer.

Magnetometers installed in satellites use electric currents to measure the magnetic field. The data which is collected by the magnetometer can be used to determine the position and the orientation of a spacecraft. The measurements made by the magnetometers are also useful for scientific investigations and navigational purposes.