A series of Calculators for radio frequency engineers. These calculators help with unit conversions, VSWR calculations, attenuator design, antenna design, radars, and various other basic calculations that are often required.
Acute value calculator is used to find the difference between the straight angle and the azimuth angle. A straight angle is defined as an angle that is equal to 180° (in degrees) or p (in radians). An azimuth is an angular measurement in a spherical coordinate system. The direction on a compass from which the sun is shining is known as the azimuth angle.
The perihelion is the point of closest approach between a planet and the Sun. The anomalistic period is the time between two successive perihelions. Orbital period is the time a given astronomical object takes to complete one orbit around another object.
The aperture of the antenna is the area whose orientation is normal to the direction from where the electromagnetic wave is coming. Here we will calculate the effective antenna aperture of an antenna.
Antenna efficiency, also referred to as radiation efficiency, gauges how well an antenna can transmit its output power with the least amount of losses. Antenna efficiency calculator refers to the ratio of power radiated by the antenna to the power supplied to the antenna. Radiated power is the sum of all power radiated by an antenna connected to a transmitter.
Antenna Gain to Noise Temperature Ratio (G/T) is referred to as figure of merit of the antenna system. The ability of an antenna to emit more or less in any direction as compared to a theoretical antenna is known as antenna gain. All noise that enters a receiver through its antenna is measured as the antenna noise temperature.
Azimuth angle calculator is used to find the difference between the straight angle and the acute angle. A straight angle is defined as an angle that is equal to 180° (in degrees) or p (in radians). An acute angle is one that is less than the right angle. It is ideal for Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) Television applications.
Due to its revolution, Earth is not in perfect spherical shape and is oblate at its poles. Therefore, although it can be determined for every place, the Earth's radius is not constant. Earth Radius Calculator is used to find out the radius of earth apogee and earth perogee.
A group of devices placed on the surface of the earth that allow communication over one or more satellites is known as an earth station altitude. For the purpose of estimating the effectiveness of satellite communication, the height of the rain is a crucial input element. The Slant Length is the length from the base to the peak of a lateral face. The angle of elevation is the angle formed between the object and the horizontal line of sight.
The size of the rain cell, the rate of the rain, and the height of the rain, which are all influenced by the types of rain, define the effective path length for the estimation of rain attenuation over the Earth-space path.
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power or Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) is a measure of the radiated output power from an ideal isotropic antenna in a single direction. It is the maximum available radiation at the antenna after all power losses and gains in the system have been taken into consideration. This calculator calculates the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power.
Exhaust Velocity of a Rocket is the speed, in relation to the rocket, at which exhaust gases emerge from the nozzle of the rocket's engine. Specific impulse measures how effectively the energy content of the propellants is transformed into thrust, is the overall change in impulse per unit of fuel consumed.
The signal strength that is lost as a signal moves through empty space is known as the free space path loss. Typically, its value is determined by discounting any potential impediments or reflections in its path. The loss between two isotropic radiators in free space, as stated as a power ratio, according to IEEE standards. To determine the Free Space Path Loss, enter the Frequency, Distance, and System Gains. It's measured in dB.
The acceleration of the GEO satellite can be calculated using the centripetal acceleration formula, which is the acceleration required to keep an object in circular motion, considering the orbit to be circular. Here we will calculate the acceleration of the satellite specifically for those satellites placed in GEO orbit.
Angular Velocity of GEO satellite is the rate at which it moves around the Earth in radians per second. Here we will calculate the Angular velocity of the satellite specifically for those satellites placed in GEO orbit.
GEO Satellite Orbit Period is the time it takes for the satellite to complete one orbit around the Earth. Here we will calculate the orbital period of the satellite specifically for those satellites placed in GEO orbit.
GEO satellite refers to the satellite placed above the earth at approx. 36000 Km height. The orbit path may be either circular or elliptical. As this satellite looks stationary from the point on the earth it is referred as Geostationary. Here we will calculate the velocity of the satellite required to maintain the orbital position.
We use light-time to measure the vast distances of space. It's the distance that light travels in a specific period of time. Also: LIGHT IS FAST, nothing travels faster than light.
A lumen (lm) is the unit of the International Measurement System that measures the luminous flux emitted by a light source. Luminous flux is the measure of brightness of a light source in terms of energy being emitted.
Orbital acceleration is the acceleration directed at the center of the orbital path taken by a body in a circular motion. Orbital acceleration is also known as centripetal acceleration. The centripetal acceleration has a magnitude equal to the square of the body's speed v along the curve divided by the distance r from the center of the circle to the moving body.
Orbital Distance is used to determinate how long it takes for an object to revolve around another one. Here the objective is to calculate the orbital distance, squared the orbital period, then raise the result to the one-third power.
The length of time it takes an astronomical object to complete one orbit around another object is known as the orbital period (also known as the revolution period). In astronomy, it typically refers to bodies like planets or asteroids revolving about the Sun, as well as moons orbiting planets, exoplanets, and binary stars. This Calculator calculates the Orbital Period of a celestial body given its Mass and the Radius of Orbit.
Orbital Speed is the speed at which an object travels in its orbit around another object relative to the center of mass of the larger object. In the case of Earth, Orbital Speed is the speed at which the Earth travels around the Sun in its orbit. This Calculator calculates the Orbital Speed of a celestial body around the Earth given its Radius of Orbit.
Half power beam width is the angle in which relative power is more than 50% of the peak power, in the effective radiated field of the antenna. Here we will calculate the HPBW of a parabolic antenna.
The masses of the planets are calculated most accurately from Newton's law of gravity-Every mass attracts every other mass.
A propellant (or propellent) is a mass that is expelled or expanded in such a way as to create a thrust or other motive force in accordance with Newton's third law of motion. The propellant mass fraction is the ratio between the propellant mass and the initial mass of the vehicle.
Propeller thrust refers to the amount of force that a propeller is able to generate behind it to move a vehicle forward. propeller thrust is generated by speeding the flow behind it as it pulls matter towards it.
Apogee is the point in an orbit of the orbiting body (such as a satellite) that is at the greatest distance from the object it orbits. The radius of apogee is the distance between an object (often a planet) and an orbiting body when the orbiting body is at apogee.
Perigee is the point in an orbit of the orbiting body (such as a satellite) that is at the nearest distance from the object it orbits. The radius of Perigee represents the minimum distance between an orbiting body and the object it orbits. The maximum separation between orbiting and orbited bodies is known as the Radius of Apogee, in contrast to the Radius of Perigee.
The acceleration of the rocket can be determined by Newton's Second Law of Motion. For a constant mass, this law can be written as force (F) equals mass (m) times acceleration (a); (F = m * A). We can solve for the acceleration using algebra ( A = F / m).
The rocket equation defines the relationship between the velocity of an object and exhaust speed and mass. In other words, it’s a way of describing the conservation of mass when applied to the mass.
Satellite Coverage Area of a satellite is the geographical region or area over which a satellite provides communication, broadcasting, or other services. In general, satellites are designed to cover specific regions or continents, although some satellites may offer global coverage. Here we will calculate the coverage area of the satellite for specific regions given the distance and radius.
Slant Length is the distance measured along a lateral face from the base to the apex. This calculator helps to find the slant length using effective path length and reduction factor.
The parallax angle is the angle between the Earth at one time of year, and the Earth six months later, as measured from a nearby star. Astronomers use this angle to find the distance from the Earth to that star. A second of arc, arcsecond (arcsec), or arc second, denoted by the symbol ?, is 1/60 of an arcminute and 1/3600 of a degree.
The number of symbols that are changed in a signal every second is known as the Symbol Rate or Baud Rate. Each symbol can represent one, two, three, four, or more bits of transmission rate data depending on the modulation coding method (MODCOD) being utilized. The rate at which symbols are transmitted is the baud rate.
Thrust is defined as the total force generated by the exhaust of burning fuel in a rocket. It is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's third law. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the accelerated mass will cause a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction to be applied to that system.
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